What is Septo hippocampal system?
The septohippocampal pathway is the main source of cholinergic innervation to the hippocampus (Lewis and Shute, 1967; Dutar et al., 1995) and has been anatomically mapped with its afferent and efferent projections, and respective cellular targets, characterized in detail.
What is the medial septum?
The medial septum (MS), as part of the basal forebrain, supports many physiological functions, from sensorimotor integration to cognition. With often reciprocal connections with a broad set of peers at all major divisions of the brain, the MS orchestrates oscillatory neuronal activities throughout the brain.
What is the basal forebrain?
The basal forebrain region is the site of a system of cholinergic neurons projecting to the entire cortical surface. The Basal Forebrain is a site of convergence of sleep and thermoregulatory functions. Portions of the basal forebrain play prominent roles in the control of the body temperature.
What does the septum in the brain do?
Function. The septum is considered a part of the limbic system, mediating the connection between the cortex and subcortical limbic nuclei. The septum projects fibres to the hypothalamus, hippocampus, amygdala, reticular formation and olfactory cortical areas, suggesting a role in limbic regulation.
Where is the medial septum located?
Anatomical terms of neuroanatomy The septal area (medial olfactory area), consisting of the lateral septum and medial septum, is an area in the lower, posterior part of the medial surface of the frontal lobe, and refers to the nearby septum pellucidum. The septal nuclei are located in this area.
What happens if the basal forebrain is damaged?
Thus, damage to the basal forebrain can reduce the amount of acetylcholine in the brain and impair learning. This may be one reason why basal forebrain damage can result in memory impairments such as amnesia and confabulation.
Where is acetylcholine produced?
nerve terminal
Acetylcholine is synthesized from choline and acetyl-coenzyme A (acetyl-CoA) in the cytoplasm of the nerve terminal through the enzyme choline acetyltransferase (ChAT).
Is Septo-Optic Dysplasia a disability?
Septo-optic dysplasia is a disorder of early brain development. Although its signs and symptoms vary, this condition is traditionally defined by three characteristic features: underdevelopment (hypoplasia) of the optic nerves, abnormal formation of structures along the midline of the brain, and pituitary hypoplasia.
Where is septum located?
The nasal septum is the cartilage and bone in your nose. The septum divides the nasal cavity (inside your nose) into a right and left side.
What connects medial septum to hippocampus?
GABAergic neurons
The medial septal region and the hippocampus are connected reciprocally via GABAergic neurons, but the physiological role of this loop is still not well understood.
What is basal forebrain?
Are basal ganglia and basal forebrain the same thing?
The basal forebrain structures are located in the forebrain to the front of and below the striatum. They include the ventral basal ganglia (including nucleus accumbens and ventral pallidum), nucleus basalis, diagonal band of Broca, substantia innominata, and the medial septal nucleus.