How do you name a benzene with multiple substituents?
For benzene rings with multiple substituents, the ring atoms are numbered to minimize the numbering of the substituents groups; alternatively, ortho/meta/para nomenclature can be used for disubstituted rings.
How many substituents can benzene have?
one substituent
Since there is only one substituent on the benzene ring, we do not have to indicate its position on the benzene ring (as it can freely rotate around and you would end up getting the same compound.) Figure 8. Example of simple benzene naming with chlorine and NO2 as substituents.
How many substituents do monosubstituted benzene compounds have?
two substituents
However, most of the substituted benzene rings you will come across will have one or two substituents, referred to as mono- and disubstituted benzene rings, respectively.
What is meant by substituent of the base compound?
The base compound is identified with the help of priority order, as given below: For example, consider the following compound. , in this compound, OH will be given preference over methyl groups, thus the base compound will be phenol, and the methyl groups will be considered as substituents.
Can aromatic rings have substituents?
The order of substitution on aromatic compounds is governed by the nature of substituents present in the aromatic ring. In electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions, a carbocation is generated while in nucleophilic aromatic substitutions, a carboanion is generated.
What are substituents in chemistry?
A substituent is one or a group of atoms that replaces (one or more) hydrogen atoms on the parent chain of a hydrocarbon, thereby becoming a moiety in the resultant (new) molecule.
Does benzene undergo addition reactions?
In benzene, the π-electrons are delocalised and makes the structure more stable. Delocalization of π electron is called resonance. Thus, benzene does not give addition reactions because of resonance stabilisation.
Can aromatic compounds have substituents?
What are mono substituents?
Monosubstituted: A molecule or functional group in which only one hydrogen has been replaced by another atom or group. These substituents are not limited to methyl groups as shown here.
What is a substituents in organic chemistry?
Substituent: An atom or group other than hydrogen on a molecule. (The atom or group has substituted for the missing hydrogen.)