What is the zero position of the shoulder?
Abstract. The “zero-position” of the shoulder joint described by Saha (1961) is recognized as a mechanical position between scapula and humerus, and the “scapular plane” is widely accepted as a mechanical plane at the shoulder joint.
What is the recommended method for reducing a shoulder dislocation?
Reduction of shoulder dislocation: axial traction and countertraction. Axial traction is applied to arm, and parallel countertraction is applied with sheet wrapped over shoulder. Increasing degree of abduction (if possible) and applying cephalad pressure to displaced humeral head (star) can aid in reduction.
Why should you never reduce a dislocated shoulder?
Dislocating your shoulder once makes it more likely to happen again because of damage to the soft tissues and ligaments that hold your joint in place. Recurrent shoulder dislocations can lead to bone damage that may require surgery.
Which method is safest for reducing an anterior shoulder dislocation?
The double traction method is distinctive compared to other manual relocation maneuvers in that the patient’s arm is kept at the same position throughout the whole procedure. This maneuver is an easy and safe reduction method for anterior shoulder dislocations, even for non‐orthopedic surgeons.
How do you do a shoulder reduction?
In the Kocher method of reducing a dislocated shoulder joint, the affected arm is pulled in the direction of the arm’s longitudinal axis, followed by external rotation of the limb. The arm is then adducted until a pop is heard or felt, signifying that the shoulder has relocated back to its normal position.
Can shoulder blades go out of place?
A dislocated shoulder is an injury in which your upper arm bone pops out of the cup-shaped socket that’s part of your shoulder blade. The shoulder is the body’s most mobile joint, which makes it susceptible to dislocation. If you suspect a dislocated shoulder, seek prompt medical attention.
Which shoulder reduction technique is most likely to cause complications?
The classic traction-countertraction techniques (e.g. the Hippocratic method, wherein the physician places a foot in the axilla of the patient’s affected arm and applies distal traction) tend to have higher complication rates, including axillary nerve injury, humeral neck and shaft fractures, and glenohumeral capsular …
What are types of reduction?
There are two main types of reductions used in computational complexity, the many-one reduction and the Turing reduction.
What are the types of reduction techniques?
There are three types of data reduction techniques: feature reduction, case reduction and value reduction (see Figure 1 for an overview).