What are slumps in mass movement?
Slump. Slump is a type of slide (movement as a mass) that takes place within thick unconsolidated deposits (typically thicker than 10 m). Slumps involve movement along one or more curved failure surfaces, with downward motion near the top and outward motion toward the bottom (Figure 15.14).
How do slumps happen?
Slump moves materials as a large block along a curved surface. Slumps often happen when a slope is undercut, with no support for the overlying materials, or when too much weight is added to an unstable slope.
What are the processes of mass wasting?
Mass wasting is the movement of rock and soil down slope under the influence of gravity. Rock falls, slumps, and debris flows are all examples of mass wasting. Often lubricated by rainfall or agitated by seismic activity, these events may occur very rapidly and move as a flow.
What are the 4 types of mass wasting?
The most common mass-wasting types are falls, rotational and translational slides, flows, and creep.
What is Solifluction mass wasting?
Solifluction is a collective name for gradual processes in which a mass moves down a slope (“mass wasting”) related to freeze-thaw activity.
How can mass wasting prevent slumps?
Engineering solutions include barriers and retaining walls, drainage pipes, terracing the slope to reduce the steepness of the cuts, and immediate revegetation. Rockfalls can be controlled or eliminated by the use of rock bolts, cables, and screens and by cutting back slopes to lesser gradients.
Where do slumps usually occur?
Slump is common where clay-rich materials are exposed along a steep slope. Such oversteepend slopes naturally occur on the outside of meanders along the Red River. Slump is typically identified as the downward movement of a block of earth material along some curved surface of failure.
What are the 4 processes of mass movement?
The types of mass movements caused by the above factors include: the abrupt movement and free fall of loosened blocks of solid rock, known as rockfalls; several types of almost imperceptible downslope movement of surficial soil particles and rock debris, collectively called creep; the subsurface creep of rock material.
How are slumps and slides related?
How are slumps and slides related? A. Slides are a type of slump in the special case where the rupture surface is curved.
What are the 5 type of mass movement?
Types of Mass Movement: Creep; Fall, Slip, Flow; Solifluction; Rock Glaciers; Slumping (Earthflow); Mudflow (lahar); Debris Flow, Debris Slide, Debris Avalanche; Rockslide; Rockfall; Debris Fall. Deposits: Collurium; Talus.
What is difference between mudflow and Solifluction?
As nouns the difference between solifluction and mudflow is that solifluction is (geology) soil creep caused by waterlogged soil slowly moving downhill on top of an impermeable layer while mudflow is a type of landslide characterized by large flows of mud and water.
Is solifluction fast or slow?
Solifluction or the creep of soil is the imperceptibly slow, steady, downward movement of the slope-forming soil or rock.
What are the four types of mass wasting?
4 Types of Mass Wasting.
What are the causes of mass wasting?
Landslides. -most destructive -rock and soil slide quickly down steep slopes -can be caused by earthquakes.
What is the most widespread form of mass wasting?
– 4 Types of Mass Wasting. – LANDSLIDES. – FAST MOVEMENT. of. LOOSE ROCK. – MUDFLOW. MUDSLIDE. – FAST MOVEMENT. of. SOUPY SOIL MIXTURE. FAST. 60 mph = dangerous. – SLUMP. – SHORT FAST. MOVEMENT. of. SOIL on a. STEEP SLOPE. – CREEP !
What are two main sources of mass wasting?
What are two main sources of mass wasting? The causes of mass wasting include an increased slope steepness, increased water, decreased vegetation and earthquakes. One of the types of mass wasting that is an example of the slope failing is a slump. This is the sliding of coherent rock material along a curved surface.